Near sight, long sight, astigmatism
Refractive surgery
This problem is successfully solved today by a new direction in ophthalmology – refractive eye surgery. Its founder in the world is professor, academician S.N.Fyodorov. Development of completely new surgical methods and devices for their performance, special high quality microsurgical instruments, as well as precise measurements on the basis of computer programmes, enabling to forecast results in each case – all this has favoured achievement of their recognition in the whole world. Hundreds of thousands nearsighted people obtained possibility to see the world with their own eyes.
Radial Keratotomy/ Refraction incisional correction (RK) - full name of the method –anterior dosed radial keratotomy
Radial keratotomy/Refraction incisional correction (RK) - is the first method of external microsurgical vision correction developed for wide use. The method was developed by academician Svyatoslav Fyodorov and his colleagues. “It is widely implemented in practice of the institute JRTC “Eye microsurgery” and its subsidiaries in the whole Russia from year 1987, later also abroad by ophthalmologists trained in Moscow”. (Refractive surgery/prof., MD, Fellow of Laser Academy of Sciences of Russian Federation L.I.Balashevich – 1999; For people wearing glasses and contact lenses/L.I.Balashevich, S.P.Golovatenko – 2001) (Рефракционная хирургия/проф., доктор мед. наук, действительный член лазерной АН РФ Л.И.Балашевич - 1999г.; Для носящих очки и контактные линзы/Л.И.Балашевич, С.П.Головатенко - 2001г.)
“Radial keratotomy – it is the first refractive surgery method developed for wide use in vision correction. It was developed and implemented in practice by academician Fyodorov and his colleagues. Actually all the centres of JRTC “Eye microsurgery” initially was intended for performance of radial keratotomy and cataract and glaucoma treatment. The patent of the method technology was sold abroad and surgeons from the USA and European countries were trained in keratotomy performance.
This method was very popular some time ago but today as it usually happens due to technology progress, it gave place to new methods and technologies, at the same time of course remaining important for certain cases. Yes, radial keratotomy cannot be considered an operation for wide use today, but sometimes it is preferred. Firstly, in cases of mild nearsightedness of 2-4 dioptres this method works well. Secondly, it is purposeful to perform it in cases of high degree astigmatism – more than 4 dioptres. Excimer laser operations cannot correct such astigmatism, therefore two operations are combined in such occasions: excimer laser and keratotomy for astigmatism correction. And finally, thirdly, keratotomy can not be helpful in cases of astigmatism after excimer laser operations as tangential incisions in wrong meridian help to liquidate astigmatism.” Medicinal library of server Medlinks, www.medlinks.ru - 29.10.2002; director of the SI JRTC St.Petersburg affiliate, head of the ophthalmology department of Medical academy of post-gradual education, MD, professor L.I.Balashevich (Л.И. Балашевич).
Investigation of Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction role in the refractive surgery development showed several principal aspects:
· Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – showed necessity in surgical correction of nearsightedness in the whole world.
· Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – showed a possibility of uncommon patient satisfaction level achievement, widening their professional abilities and life horizons.
· Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – it is the most carefully tested refractive surgery method today.
· Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction - external operation on the corneal peripheral part without penetration inside the eye, which is suggested to perform in nearsightedness of not more than 6,0 dioptres.
· Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – showed a possibility to change significantly the curve radius of the anterior corneal part by insignificant microsurgery manipulation.
· Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – created the basis of incisional theory establishment, which required development of special sharpness of the microsurgical razorblade, proving the advantage of crystal blades in comparison with metallic. This promoted special technology development for diamond and leucosaphir blade sharpening with the edge of 100 angstroms. Diamond blades have become the standard of qualitative dosed ohpthalmosurgery.
· Economical efficacy of Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction attracted to the development talented engineers, mathematicians, opticians and technicians for creation of modern technologies of refractive surgery and its diagnostic assurance.
· Any energetic interaction is changing the structure of corneal collagen. It is important that it is minimal and is not creating changes in its physiology and vitality. In case of Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – it is mechanical energy in the corneal periphery.
· Technologically correct performance of Radial Keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – is used for nearsightedness correction of medium and mild degree, is connected with very low percentage of complications (0,4%), which decreases with experience of the surgeon and surgery technical development and new equipment appearance in the practice. The most frequent complication – it is hypercorrection an insufficient correction, while such serious complication as macroperforation, cataract development, corneal infection and endophthalmitis – are extremely rare (0,0001%).
· Radial keratotomy/refraction incisional correction – these are operations when non-penetrating micro incisions are done by a special diamond dosimeter in the periphery of transparent cornea. Due to that in the result of intraocular pressure the cornea becomes flatter and its refractive force decreases. Quantity and depth of micro incisions is calculated with the help of special computer programmes for each individual patient in relation to the diagnostic parameters (degree of nearsightedness, complications, concomitant diseases, anatomic, optical, physiological, physical peculiarities of the eye, age, gender, professional needs etc.). If You suffer from astigmatism (condition when the corneal form is not ideally spherical and bending in difference direction is happening differently) in addition to nearsightedness, it is possible to liquidate it during keratotomy. The operation is painless, anaesthesia is performed with eye drops and lasts for 2-5 minutes. You will be able to go back to common daily life after a couple hours.
Lasik (see section technologies) see www.wavelight.com
Laser keratomilesis (LASIK) or excimer laser keratotomy can be offered to you if you are nearsighted until –14 dioptres. These operations are performed on the basis of precise computer calculations for each patient. In laser keratomilesis the central part of cornea a rag is formed by a special instrument (karatom). It is taken back as “a roof”. Then cornea is heated by the laser and made thinner, then the “roof” is returned back to the previous place. The laser beam decreases the refractive power of the cornea also by heating during excimer keratotomy.
Lasik (see section technologies) see www.wavelight.com
Laser keratomilesis (LASIK) or excimer laser keratotomy can be offered to you if you are nearsighted until –14 dioptres. These operations are performed on the basis of precise computer calculations for each patient. In laser keratomilesis the central part of cornea a rag is formed by a special instrument (karatom). It is taken back as “a roof”. Then cornea is heated by the laser and made thinner, then the “roof” is returned back to the previous place. The laser beam decreases the refractive power of the cornea also by heating during excimer keratotomy.
The operations mentioned above belong to non-cavital as we are not penetrating in the eye cavity. However, in some cases when such operations are not appropriate for You cavity operations are performed for correction of high degree myopia, e.g., a miniature lens is placed under the natural lens. It is neutralising by its impact the excessive bending power of the nearsighted eye.
The aim of all these refractive operations – to decrease the nearsighted eye refractive power. For each if them there exist their own indications and contraindications. The physician is choosing the optimal operation for Your eyes Taking into account all the data of examination.
The aim of all these refractive operations – to decrease the nearsighted eye refractive power. For each if them there exist their own indications and contraindications. The physician is choosing the optimal operation for Your eyes Taking into account all the data of examination.
Refractive operations are performed in the outpatient hospital.
POST-OPERATION PERIOD
POST-OPERATION PERIOD
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FAST RECOVERY
In order to fasten the post-operation period and avoid complications, please follow the recommendations of our specialists:
Do not rub the eye with hands and do not press on it
Avoid contact of the eye with water and soap
Do not go to a swimming-pool, sauna, solarium
Use sunglasses on the street
Do not drink alcohol for three weeks
How to eye drops correctly
For one and a half months You will have to drop yourself eye drops into the operated eye.
When dropping the medicine, bend Your head a little back. You have to look straight up. Slightly draw the lower lid downwards and drop there the medicine. 1-2 drops are enough. Try not to touch the skin of lids and eyelashes. If the physician has administered several medicines for You, You have to use them with intervals 20-30 seconds.
Do not drink alcohol for three weeks
How to eye drops correctly
For one and a half months You will have to drop yourself eye drops into the operated eye.
When dropping the medicine, bend Your head a little back. You have to look straight up. Slightly draw the lower lid downwards and drop there the medicine. 1-2 drops are enough. Try not to touch the skin of lids and eyelashes. If the physician has administered several medicines for You, You have to use them with intervals 20-30 seconds.
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