Eye diseases and refraction anomalies
- Children ophthalmology
- Glaucoma
- Cataract
- Diseases of cornea
- Retinal diseases
- Retinal detachment
- Diseases of the optic nerve
- Intraocular neoplasms
Intraocular neoplasms
Intraocular neoplasms – it is a dangerous disease, which is threatening not only for vision but also for the life of the patient. Similar diseases may have a benign as well as malignant character however in the most cases they are malignant neoplasms (melanomas) of the eye vascular coating. Though this pathology is relatively rare (frequency is 2-14 cases among 1 million people) possibility of malign impact of the neoplasm on the visual organ and on the whole organism, that is even more important, makes this problem extremely important for early diagnostics and appropriate treatment. Unfortunately, there are no specific symptoms only for this disease. They depend mostly on localisation of the neoplasm in a certain part of the eye. If it is localised in iris, the patient may notice changes in the colour of the iridal coating (it becomes darker, as a rule) or appearance of “spots” in it. Diminishing of visual functions is not often in this situation.
If the neoplasm is located in fundus oculi – in its central (functionally important) zone, then visual disturbances appear sooner and are expressed in different ways: the patient notices to flashes of light in this zone, he may have sensations of spots in front of the eye, with a normal vision around it. However all these complaints may happen also in other diseases, also serious diseases (retinal dystrophy, circulation disturbances in the eye vessels, inflammatory processes in retina and vascular coating etc.)
In addition, if the neoplasm is located besides the central (functionally important) zone of fundus oculi, the disturbances may appear later – when the neoplasm is larger and reaches the central part of the eye.
There are cases when neoplasms are located on the lateral wall of the eye, i.e., in the zone, which is the least important for vision. Then only functional disturbances of retina, detached by the enlarged neoplasm, may be the first symptoms of the disease (sensation of “a veil” in front of the sick eye, covering a section of the vision field).
This disease in most cases does not create pain.
All this leads to a delayed consultation with a physician that is not helpful for a successful treatment of the neoplasm.
Thus, only a physician -ophthalmologist can diagnose the neoplasm in early stages, examining fundus oculi through a wide pupil.
The only method of intraocular neoplasms until recently was extirpation of the eye. There is an investigational and treatment system established for patients with intraocular neoplasms. There is a list of unique diagnostic methods, which are able to diagnose precisely, to find out peculiarities of each individual clinical situation of each patient and to perform life, visual organ and most often the visual function preserving treatment.
The main factor of successful treatment of a patient with the dangerous disease –an intraocular neoplasm – is early diagnostics in early stages of development.
The combination of these manipulations is chosen individually for each patient and depends on the time that has passed from the moment of retinal detachment, its size, number of breaks, their localisation etc. Depending on the individual case treatment can be performed in one or several stages.as sparks and flashes are also characteristic features of an occurred retinal detachment.
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